The application bottlenecks of finished industrial explosives in modern times have forced the industry to break away from the traditional framework of "prefabrication, storage and transportation of finished explosives", giving birth to on-site mixed explosive truck technology. As the core carrier for the safe, mechanized and intelligent transformation of the civil explosive industry, the on-site mixed explosive truck did not come into being overnight. It has gone through four major development stages: initial exploration overseas, domestic introduction and digestion, independent iterative upgrading, and digital-intelligent innovation breakthrough. Step by step, it has evolved from simple charging equipment into an intelligent mobile blasting system adapted to modern high-end projects, completely reshaping the application landscape of industrial explosives.
I. Overseas Initial Stage: Birth of Mechanized Prototypes (1960s–1980s)
On-site mixing technology first originated in industrial powers in Europe and America, and was iteratively upgraded alongside the large-scale mining demand of open-pit mines. In the 1960s, the United States, Sweden, Canada and other countries took the lead in developing mechanized charging equipment. The first-generation spiral and pneumatic simple mixing-charging trucks were developed for ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil) explosives, completely replacing full manual charging, and initially solving the fundamental problems of low efficiency and uneven dosage in manual charging.
The mixing equipment at this stage featured simple structures and single functions, which could only realize delivery and simple mixing of single explosive raw materials, without functions of precise proportioning and intelligent regulation, with limited stability and adaptability. Nevertheless, it realized the replacement of manual labor by mechanical charging for the first time and laid the technical prototype for on-site mixing operations. By the 1980s, standardized series of on-site mixed explosive trucks for overseas open-pit mines had taken shape, and basic technologies such as hydraulic drive and integrated delivery gradually matured, gaining wide popularization in large overseas mines.
II. Domestic Introduction Stage: Technology Localization and Industry Enlightenment (1990s)
China's on-site mixed explosive truck technology started relatively late. Driven by the upgrading demand of large domestic mines and infrastructure projects in the 1990s, mature foreign mixing equipment and technologies were formally introduced, breaking the single pattern of full finished explosive operations in China.
The initially imported equipment mainly included imported emulsion mixing-charging trucks and ANFO mixing-charging trucks, with core technologies and key components fully dependent on foreign suppliers, resulting in extremely high equipment procurement and operation & maintenance costs. Besides, the fixed equipment parameters failed to adapt to the construction conditions of complex mountainous areas and small & medium-sized mines in China, limiting its popularization scope, and the equipment was only applied to a small number of national key projects.
However, this phase of technology introduction filled the technical blank in China's on-site mixed blasting sector, enabled the industry to initially recognize the intrinsic safety advantages of "on-site mixing without finished product storage and transportation", and laid a practical foundation for the research and development of localized technologies.
III. Domestic Iteration Stage: Independent Innovation and Large-scale Popularization (2000–2020)
After 2000, policy innovation and R&D acceleration in China's civil explosive industry pushed on-site mixed explosive trucks into a critical stage of domestic substitution. Domestic enterprises gradually broke foreign technological monopolies, and independently developed emulsion on-site mixing trucks and porous granular ANFO mixing trucks adapted to domestic working conditions. The fixed parameter design of imported equipment was abandoned, and core structures including multi-silo material storage, static emulsification and precise delivery were optimized, greatly improving equipment adaptability and stability.
Meanwhile, industrial specifications were gradually perfected, clarifying safety standards and application scenarios for on-site mixing operations. With the core advantages of intrinsic safety, cost reduction and efficiency improvement, on-site mixed explosive trucks gradually replaced the traditional finished explosive operation mode, and were widely applied to mine exploitation, tunnel infrastructure, water conservancy projects and other fields.
During this stage, the equipment realized full-automatic mechanized operation, capable of completing the whole process of raw material delivery, automatic mixing and continuous charging, completely eliminating reliance on manual labor, and becoming core equipment for quality and efficiency improvement in the civil explosive industry.
IV. Digital-intelligent Upgrading Stage: Intelligent Manufacturing and Full-scenario Empowerment (2020 to Present)
In recent years, supported by the upgrading of industrial digital and intelligent technologies, on-site mixed explosive trucks have entered a brand-new digital-intelligent development phase. Leading domestic equipment enterprises have broken the limitations of traditional mechanical upgrading, integrated big data, intelligent sensing, automatic regulation, remote operation and maintenance and other technologies, and developed a new generation of digital-intelligent on-site mixed explosive trucks.
The equipment can intelligently identify rock mass working conditions, automatically match explosive formulas, and precisely regulate charging density and dosage, realizing "multi-purpose vehicle, on-demand formula preparation and precise blasting", which solves the shortcomings of single formula and insufficient adaptability of traditional equipment. Meanwhile, the equipment is equipped with safety monitoring, trajectory positioning and data traceability systems, enabling full-process supervision and traceability of blasting operations, with integrated safety, precision and standardization.
The official roll-off of domestically manufactured digital-intelligent mixed explosive trucks in 2026 marks that China's on-site mixing technology has achieved full independent controllability and leads the industry, completing a leap-forward upgrade from "equipment imitation" to "original technology and intelligent leadership".
Looking back on decades of development, the iteration of on-site mixed explosive trucks serves as a true epitome of the civil explosive industry's transformation from risk prevention and control to intrinsic safety, from manual experience to intelligent precision, and from extensive operation to green and high-efficiency production. After four generations of technological innovation, this type of equipment has completely solved the inherent shortcomings of modern finished explosives, acting as a core carrier linking the accumulation of traditional explosive technologies and modern industrial intelligent blasting, and providing solid technical support for the high-quality development of domestic infrastructure and mining industries.
Known as a mobile miniature intelligent chemical plant, the on-site mixed explosive truck has completely reconstructed the application logic of industrial explosives, upgrading the traditional mode of "factory prefabrication + full-process storage and transportation of explosives" to a brand-new operation mode of "raw material transportation, on-site mixing and real-time charging".
The vehicle is equipped with an independent multi-silo material storage structure, which stores inert raw materials such as ammonium nitrate solution, porous granular raw materials, fuel oil and emulsifier in separate compartments. No finished explosives exist in the whole process, fundamentally eliminating explosion risks arising from the transportation, warehousing and idle storage of finished explosives, and greatly reducing potential safety hazards in civil explosive operations.
Our YQME, YQMA and YQMH series on-site mixed explosive trucks have long broken away from the limitations of early imported technologies, integrating core patented technologies including static emulsification, rapid sensitization, intelligent proportioning and water ring drag reduction delivery to realize full-process automatic and intelligent operation of explosive preparation and charging.
During operation, the equipment can intelligently adjust explosive formulas, density and charging volume according to blasthole depth, hole diameter specifications, rock hardness and surrounding environmental safety grades, accurately matching blasting demands of various working conditions. It thoroughly addresses the industry-wide pain points of uneven dosage in traditional manual charging, inconsistent blasting effects and high explosive return waste rate, doubling blasting efficiency and operation quality.
